Basic Computer Terminology for beginners pdf [CCC]

way2pathshala December 16, 2020

 

Computer Terminologies [CCC]


Computer is the basic need of everybody. It has so many terms to under stand, for this use it is very essential to under stand each and every component of computer. For that in the article we will look out basic basic computer terminology for beginners.   

  • Access time- Access time means the performance of a hard drive or other storage device - how long it takes to locate a file. 
  • Active program or window-It means application or window running on the monitor. 
  • Alert-A message that appears on screen, usually to tell you something went wrong.
  • Application-Application is another term for software program; basically a program you use on a computer, like Word, TurboTax, Outlook, etc. 
  • Background-Part of the multitasking capability. A program can run and perform tasks in the background while another program is being used in the foreground. 
  •  Bandwidth-Bandwidth measurement the data transmission speed form one computer to another. 
  • Bit-The smallest piece of information used by the computer. It used to derive from "binary digit". 
  • BIOS-Basic Input/output System. This term is used to refer to ROM BIOS chip inside the computer which manages the computer boot up process. 
  •  Backup-A copy of a document/file makes for documentation purposes for future use. 
  • Boot-To start up a computer. 
  • Bootstrap loader-Bootstrap loader is a program that manages a computer boot up process. 
  • Bug-It is a programming error that causes a program to behave in an unexpected way. 
  • Bus-Bus is an electronic pathway through which data is transmitted between components in a computer. 
  • Burn-It is a process CD or DVD means to write data files to it using a special piece of hardware 
  • Clipboard-A portion of memory where the temporarily stores information, it is called a Copy Buffer because it is used to hold information for example if we cut any text for paste in MS Word we find that the cut text temporarily stores in clipboard.
  • Command-The act of giving an instruction to your Mac either by menu choice or keystroke.
  • Compiler-A program the converts programming code into a form that can be used by a computer
  • Control panel-A program that allows you to change settings in a program or change the way a Mac looks and/or behaves.
  • CMOS-A type of computer chip which is able to operate with a very small amount of electricity from a battery. 
  • CPU-Central Processing Unit, the processor "brain" of the computer. The CPU is the place where all the computer calculations take place
  • Cursor-A pointer, which is controlled by the mouse.
  • Database-It is an electronic list of information that can be sorted and/or searched.
  • Digitize-To convert linear analog data into digital data this can be used by the computer.
  • Disk drive-The machinery that writes the data from a disk and/or writes data to a disk.
  • DSL-Digital Subscriber Line is a type of high speed data compression which runs over Telephone lines.
  • Ethernet-It is a protocol for high-speed communication and file transfer across a network
  • Expansion slot-It is a connector inside the computer which allows one to plug in a printed circuit board to provide new or enhanced features.
  • Floppy-A 3.5, 5.25 and 8 inch square disk which holds data.
  • Folder-An electronic subdirectory which contains files. 
  • Hard Drive-Hard Drive is a central storage space for your computer which defines as C/D/E drive 
  • Highlight-To select by clicking once on an icon/file/folder/text document to highlighted word double click and for paragraph triple click is required. 
  • ICON-It is graphic symbol used for file or folder 
  • Insertion point-In word processing/presentation document the blinking indication which indicate where you're next typing will begin. You can insert any word on that point.  
  • Installer- Installer is software used to install a program on your hard drive. 
  • IP address-IP means Internet Protocol addresses are assigned to each and every computer on a TCP/IP network. 
  • ISP-(Internet Service Provider) this would be the company that provides your internet access, 
  • Keyboard Shortcut-It is combination of keystrokes that performs some function.  
  • Landscape-It is a printing from under page layout; it used to print sideways on the page. 
  • Menu-A list of program commands listed by topic. 
  • Menu Bar--A horizontal bar across the top of the screen. 
  • Mother Board-The green board inside of a computer that allows all of the internal computer components to interact, it routes data to and from all the other parts, of computer.
  • NIC-Network Interface Card. This is a part of the computer that allows it to talk to other computers (aka, a network) via a network "protocol" or language like TCP/IP.
  • Optical disk-A high-capacity storage medium that is read by a laser light.
  • Operating System-It is system software that controls the computer. The operating systems are Windows 98, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Linux, Unix, and Apple's Mac OS X Leopard.
  • Peripherals-An add-on component to your computer like printers, mice, keyboards, scanners, monitor, etc.
  • Processor chip-This is the brane of computer which does all the calculation and task processing for example "Intel" chip or the "Xeon" chip. 
  • RAM-Random Access Memory. It is the memory that allows you to hold and run a program. 
  • Reset switch-It is a switch used to restarts the computer. 
  • ROM-Read Only Memory that can be accessed and read, but not written to. 
  • Routine-A series of instructions written to complete a specific but limited computing task.
  • Scroll bar-A bar at the bottom contains the scroll box and allows scrolling
  • Server-A machine dedicated to sending and receiving data from other computers (on a network)
  • Software-Software is files that contain instructions for a computer
  • TCP/IP-Transmission Control Protocol and Internet protocol on which internet run.
  • Title bar-The horizontal bar at the top of a window which represent the name of file/folder:
  • Upload-It is used to send a file from one computer to another through a network.
  • Virtual memory-using part of your hard drive as though it were "RAM".



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